Characteristics of plastics


TABLE OF PROPERTIES OF SELECTED PLASTICS

Plastic

Density (g/cm3)

Tensile strength (N/mm2)

E-modulus (N/mm2)

Notch toughness Charpy (KJ/m2, 23 °C)

Shape stability - HDT 1.8 Mpa (°C)

Heat resistance (°C) max. short-term

Heat resistance (°C) max. permanent

Heat resistance (°C) min. permanent

Moisture content at saturation %

LDPE

0.914-0.939

8-23

150-800

Without fracture

≈ 35

80-90

60-75

-50

<0.05

HDPE

0.94-0.966

20-35

800-1,400

5-without fracture

35-50

90-110

70-90

-50

<0.05

LLD PE

≈ 0.935

20-30

300-700

 

≈40

     

<0.05

EVA

0.92-0.95

10-20

30-120

Without fracture

≈34

65-75

55-65

-50

0.15-0.13

IM

0.94-0.95

7-8

150-200

   

120

100

-50

<0.05

PP homop.

0.89-0.912

20-37

500-1,800

3-20

50-70

100-140

90-100

0 to -30

0.03

PP random. copolymer

0.89-0.90

18-30

600-1,200

4-25

45-55

90-130

80-90

 

<0.1

PP copolymer

0.895-0.965

20-30

800-1,300

4-25

45-55

90-130

80-90

10 to -35

<0.1

PP+EPDM

0.89-0.92

10-25

500-1,200

5-30

40-55

80-90

70-80

 

<0.1

PP+20 % of talc

1.04-1.66

32-38

2,200-2,800

3-3.5

60-80

90-130

80-100

 

<0.1

PP+40 % of talc

1.21-1.24

30-35

3,500-4,500

3.5

70-90

100-140

90-110

 

<0.1

PP+30 % of glass

1.21-1.14

 

5,200-6,000

5-7

90-115

100-140

90-110

 

<0.1

PS

1.04-1.05

45-65

3,100-3,300

2-3

65-85

60-90

50-80

-10

<0.1

S/B

1.03-1.05

25-45

2,000-2,800

4-13

72-87

60-85

50-75

-20

<0.1

SAN

1.7-1.8

70-84

352.5-3.000-3,900

3-3.5

15-100

90-95

85-95

-20

0.1-0.2

SAN+35 % of glass

1.35-1.36

80-90

10,000-12,000

2.5-3.0

100-105

95-105

90-100

 

<0.1

ABS

1.02-1.09

45-65

220-3,000

5-20

95-105

85-100

75-85

-40

0.3-0.5

ABS-HI

1.03-1.07

30-45

1,900-2,500

6-25

90-100

80-95

70-80

 

0.3-0.5

SAN+20 % of glass

1.18-1.19

50-70

6,000

4-15

100-110

90-110

80-90

 

0.3

ABS+PC

1.08-1.17

40-60

2,000-2,600

25-35

90-110

125-130

80-90

 

0.2

ASA

1.07

40-55

2,300-2,900

4-20

95-105

85-95

70-95

-40

0.35

PMMA

1.15-1.20

38-75

2,700-3,200

2

75-105

85-105

65-90

-40

0.6

PP homop.

1.40-1.42

60-75

3,000-3,200

4-10

105-115

110-140

90-110

-60

0.2-0.3

POM-HI

1.34-1.39

35-55

1,400-2,500

6-12

65-85

105-130

85-100

 

0.9

POM+25 % of glass

1.58

120-140

9,100

4-5

155-160

150

100-120

 

0.15

PA6

1.13-1.15

40-65

900-1,700

30-without fracture

55-80

140-170

80-110

-30

2.15-3.4 *

PA6+30 % of glass

1.35

95-125

6,000-7,000

15-20

190-215

170-190

90-120

 

1.4-2.0 *

PA6+30 % of mineral

1.36

65-80

2,800-3,000

5-14

90-130

140-160

80-120

 

1.6-2.2 *

PA6.6

1.12-1.14

55-70

1,200-2,500

15-25

70-100

170-200

80-120

-30

2.6-3 *

PA6.6+30 % of glass

1.35

140

7,000-7,500

10-18

245-256

170-240

100-140

 

1.0-1.7 *

PA6.6+0 % of mineral

1.48

65

3,100

3-5

120-150

170-210

80-130

 

1.1-1.9 *

PA610

1.06-1.08

45-55

1,300-1,600

13-15

60

140-160

80-100

 

1.2-1.6 *

PA11

1.02-1.04

42

1,100-1,200

30-40

40-70

140-150

70-80

-70

0.8-1.2 *

PA12

1.01-1.02

38-46

1,200-1,350

16-20

40-50

140-150

70-80

-70

0.7-1.1 *

PA6-3-T(arom.PA)

1.12

85-110

2,800-3,000

4-15

12

130-140

80-100

-70

2.8-3.0 *

PC

1.20

55-65

2,300-2,400

20-35

135-140

135

100-130

-100

0.15

PC+30 % of glass

1.42-1.44

70-130

5,500-5,800

6

145-150

140-145

120-140

 

0.11-0.15

PC+PBT

1.2-1.26

50-60

2,300

40-45

80

140-150

115-130

 

0.15

PBT

1.30-1.32

50-60

2,500-2,800

3-5

70

160-170

100-120

-30

0.25

PBT+30 % of glass

1.52-1.55

120-150

1,500-11,000

8-10

210

170-200

101-120

 

0.1-0.15

PPO+S/B

1.04-1.06

45-65

1,900-2,700

12-15

100-130

140

80-110

-30

<0.1

PPO+S/B+30 % of glass

1.26-1.29

50-70

8,000-9,000

10-13

 

145

85-115

 

<0.1

The values relate to conditioned bodies


TABLE OF PROCESSING PROPERTIES

Plastic

Drying (°C/hour)

Processing temperature (°C)

Tool temperature (°C)

Shrinkage (%)

Note

LD PE

-

160-270

20-60

1.5-5

 

HD PE

-

200-300

10-60

1.5-3

Higher holding pressure can be used to prevent drag-ins, e.g.: choose a medium speed

EVA

-

130-240

10-50

0.8-2.2

 

PP

-

220-300

20-90

1.0-2.5

High injection pressure and holding pressure for the worm speed can be used.

PP+40 % of talc

80-100/0.5-1

220-280

20-60

0.4-1.6

 

PP+30 % of glass

80-100/0.5-1

220-300

20-70

0.3-1.2

 

PS

70-80/1-2

170-280

5-80

0.4-0.7

Low tool temperature and high injection speed lead to internal stress

S/B

60-80/1-2

190-280

5-80

0.4-0.7

 

ABS

70-85/2-4

200-260

60-90

0.3-0.7

Too fast injection pressure and low processing temperature can lead to internal stress. Higher tool temperature gives a higher gloss.

ASA

70-85/2-4

220-260

50-85

0.4-0.7

 

PMMA

65-80/6-8

190-290

50-80

0.3-0.8

The material leaks badly, therefore choose high pressures. Beware of internal stresses that will be released during painting and crack the surface

POM

80-100/0.5-1

180-230

60-120

1.5-3.0

Too much pressure and holding pressure cause high internal stress. When changing to another material, the chamber must be repainted with PE. Pay attention to the decomposition temperature of POM; in any case, do not exceed 230 °C

POM+25% of glass

80-100/0.5-1

180-230

60-120

0.3-1.8

 

SAN

85/2-4

200-260

50-80

0.4-0.7

 

PA6

80/8-15

240-290

40-120

0.8-2.5

Do not let the holding pressure have effect for a long time. Perfect drying of PA and tool temperature of at least 40 °C are absolutely necessary. Raising the internal temperature does not affect the PA flow into the tool. Use of a shut-off nozzle (oxygen degrades PA)

PA6+30 % of glass

80-90/6-15

240-290

60-120

0.2-1.2

 

PA6+30 % of mineral

80-90/4-15

260-290

60-100

0.5-1.2

 

PA6.6

80/8-15

260-300

40-120

0.8-2.5

 

PA6.6+30 % of glass

80-90/6-15

260-300

60-120

0.2-3.1

 

PA6.6+40 % of mineral

80-90/4-15

280-300

60-120

1.3-1.6

 

PA610

80/8-15

230-290

40-120

0.8-2.0

 

PA11

70/4-6

200-270

40-80

0.6-2.1

 

PA12

100/4

190-270

20-100

1.0-2.0

 

PA6-3-T (aromatic)

80-90/10

250-320

50-80

0.5-0.6

 

PC

110-120/4

270-320

80-120

0.6-0.7

Unconditionally comply with the drying parameters. To reduce the level of internal stress, choose the hottest possible tool. Flush the PE when the machine is shut down. Additional shrinkage is low.

PC+30 % of glass

110-120/4

300-330

100-130

0.2-0.5

 

PBT

120/3-8

230-280

50-110

1-2.2

Observe the drying conditions, choose the highest possible tool temperature. Select the maximum tool temperature for optimum surface finish.

PBT+30 % of glass

120/3-8

240-280

50-100

0.4-1.6

 

PPO+PS

100/2

260-310

40-110

0.5-0.8

The presence of PS leads to greater internal stress

PPS

Not necessary in the case of hydrophilic filler.

150/3-4

320-380

20-200

 

At tool temperatures below 120 °C, injections are smooth and shiny; at 40 °C, they have optimum strength

PES

160/5

320-390

100-190

0.2-0.5

 

PEK

150/3

360-420

120-160

≈1

 

PSU

120/5

340-390

100-160

0.6-0.8

 

PC/ABS

100-120/2-4

230-280

70-100

0.5-0.7

 

PC/ASA

100-110/2-4

240-280

80

0.2-0.5

 

PC/PBT

110-115/3-4

260-280

60-70

0.8-1

 

TPE

120/3-4

170-250

50-80

0.3-1.4